read the doc and format skeleton code

CS143体验报告.md

@@ -234,3 +234,31 @@ PA 2-5 正式写编译器。PA2 写词法分析器，首先读一遍 README 和
 - 返回 Object 的情况：objectid 未定义、new 未定义类、函数调用中无法确定被调用函数的情况（类未定义、函数未定义、函数参数个数不对）、loop 返回值。
 
 剩下的基本上能从手册的12章中比较清晰的看出来。
+
+
+### PA5
+
+#### 读文档
+
+最后一个 PA，那必然是要把剩下来的文档全部读完。需要预先看一遍带是 `cool-tour.pdf` 的第7章 Runtime System 和 PA5 handout，至于 `cool-manual.pdf` 的第13章语义部分倒是可以一边实现一边看。
+
+先看 handout：
+- 代码量巨大无比，竟然是 PA4 的2倍（悲
+- 文件简述：`cgen.{cc|hh}` 大部分需要写的代码，和 PA4 类似的结构，从 AST 的根节点开始进行 `cgen`；`cool-tree.h` 和 PA4 类似；`cgen_supp.cc` 定义辅助函数；`emit.h` 里面有一些 MIPS 汇编和符号宏定义；剩下的都是老熟人了。
+- 主要任务：
+  - 生成全局常量（prototype objects）
+  - 生成全局表，`class_nameTab` `class_objTab` 还有方法调用表
+  - 生成每个类的初始化代码
+  - 生成方法定义
+  推荐的实现方法还是分两部分，先生成对象布局，然后第二遍在生成每个表达式的代码。  
+- 提醒注意：这次没有必要去“逆向”参考编译器了，因为它实现了一些高级功能比如寄存器分配优化，这个 PA5 并不要求这个。
+- 运行时错误处理：manual 规定了6种运行时错误，生成的代码需要检测三种：(static) dispatch on void, case on void, missing branch；除零可以交给模拟器；剩下两种由 Runtime 处理。
+- GC：有一个3个命令行开关控制垃圾回收系统相关的功能。默认情况下不打开 `-g` 开关，此时不启用 GC，也就是说这是一个选做功能；`-t` 迫使 GC 系统在每次分配对象的时候进行回收；`-T` 的功能交给实现，可能会用来实现一些其他的运行时检查。实现 GC 功能的时候，需要认真阅读 Runtime 手册相关内容。这里可以去看看 CS143 课程网站上的那个单独的 `cool-runtime.pdf`，似乎写的更加详细一些。
+- 测试工具：和 PA4 类似，提供了一个 `-c` 选项来设置全局变量 `cgen_debug`。同时提供了一个第三方实现的 `Coolaid` 工具对生成的 MIPS 汇编进行一些检查，说不定会有帮助。最后关于 `Spim` 的 warning 可能会有用。
+
+然后看看 Runtime System：
+- 首先是对象布局：GC Tag 设为-1；Object Size 也得填上；dispatch pointer 因为不会被 runtime 用到，所以需要自己设计 dispatch 表；对于属性，`Int` 只有一个32位整数、`Bool` 也是如此、`String` 有一个32位的长度+后面全部是 ASCII 字节（最后需要 word 对齐），然后还有空指针 void。
+- 然后是一个叫原型对象（Prototype Object）的东西：COOL 里面新建对象的方法是使用 `Object.copy()`，因此我们需要生成这些供其复制的东西，也就是 prototype object。生成的时候需要正确设置前面的头部，对于属性，三个基本类型有自己的规定，其余类型的属性随意设置。
+- 栈和寄存器约定：方法调用参数放在栈上、从左到右依次压栈，`a0` 寄存器里面放 `self` 对象指针。指定了一组 Scratch registers 供 runtime routine 存放临时数据，因此需要调用者保存；还有堆指针和堆界限两个寄存器，完全由 runtime 控制。其他的都可以用。
+- Label：生成的代码需要和 runtime 一起变成最后执行的机器码，因此有一些 label 是指定的，就类似于接口一样的东西。有些 label 是 runtime 提供给我们使用的，也有一些需要我们生成供 runtime 使用。有一句话 `There is no need for code that initializes an object of class Bool if the generated code contains definitions of both Bool objects in the static data area.` 没看懂
+- 执行初始化：需要生成一些代码来调用 main 方法。首先通过 Main prototype 生成一个 Main 类的对象并用 `Main_init` 初始化，该初始化方法依次执行 Main 的基类的初始化最后初始化 Main；然后调用 `Main.main`，在 `a0` 里面放上 `Main` 的指针并设置 `ra`；执行结束后，`Main.main` 返回，这里打印出提示信息并终止执行。

assignments/PA5/cgen.cc

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "cgen.h"
 #include "cgen_gc.h"
+#include <iostream>
 
 extern void emit_string_constant(ostream &str, char *s);
 extern int cgen_debug;
@@ -43,38 +44,13 @@ extern int cgen_debug;
 // as fixed names used by the runtime system.
 //
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-Symbol 
+Symbol arg, arg2, Bool, concat, cool_abort, copy, Int, in_int, in_string, IO,
-       arg,
+    length, Main, main_meth, No_class, No_type, Object, out_int, out_string,
-       arg2,
+    prim_slot, self, SELF_TYPE, Str, str_field, substr, type_name, val;
-       Bool,
-       concat,
-       cool_abort,
-       copy,
-       Int,
-       in_int,
-       in_string,
-       IO,
-       length,
-       Main,
-       main_meth,
-       No_class,
-       No_type,
-       Object,
-       out_int,
-       out_string,
-       prim_slot,
-       self,
-       SELF_TYPE,
-       Str,
-       str_field,
-       substr,
-       type_name,
-       val;
 //
 // Initializing the predefined symbols.
 //
-static void initialize_constants(void)
+static void initialize_constants(void) {
-{
   arg = idtable.add_string("arg");
   arg2 = idtable.add_string("arg2");
   Bool = idtable.add_string("Bool");
@@ -105,11 +81,9 @@ static void initialize_constants(void)
   val = idtable.add_string("_val");
 }
 
-static char *gc_init_names[] =
+static char *gc_init_names[] = {"_NoGC_Init", "_GenGC_Init", "_ScnGC_Init"};
-  { "_NoGC_Init", "_GenGC_Init", "_ScnGC_Init" };
+static char *gc_collect_names[] = {"_NoGC_Collect", "_GenGC_Collect",
-static char *gc_collect_names[] =
+                                   "_ScnGC_Collect"};
-  { "_NoGC_Collect", "_GenGC_Collect", "_ScnGC_Collect" };
-
 
 //  BoolConst is a class that implements code generation for operations
 //  on the two booleans, which are given global names here.
@@ -129,8 +103,7 @@ BoolConst truebool(TRUE);
 //
 //*********************************************************
 
-void program_class::cgen(ostream &os) 
+void program_class::cgen(ostream &os) {
-{
   // spim wants comments to start with '#'
   os << "# start of generated code\n";
 
@@ -140,7 +113,6 @@ void program_class::cgen(ostream &os)
   os << "\n# end of generated code\n";
 }
 
-
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 //  emit_* procedures
@@ -155,159 +127,160 @@ void program_class::cgen(ostream &os)
 //
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-static void emit_load(char *dest_reg, int offset, char *source_reg, ostream& s)
+static void emit_load(char *dest_reg, int offset, char *source_reg,
-{
+                      ostream &s) {
   s << LW << dest_reg << " " << offset * WORD_SIZE << "(" << source_reg << ")"
     << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_store(char *source_reg, int offset, char *dest_reg, ostream& s)
+static void emit_store(char *source_reg, int offset, char *dest_reg,
-{
+                       ostream &s) {
   s << SW << source_reg << " " << offset * WORD_SIZE << "(" << dest_reg << ")"
     << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_load_imm(char *dest_reg, int val, ostream& s)
+static void emit_load_imm(char *dest_reg, int val, ostream &s) {
-{ s << LI << dest_reg << " " << val << endl; }
+  s << LI << dest_reg << " " << val << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_load_address(char *dest_reg, char *address, ostream& s)
+static void emit_load_address(char *dest_reg, char *address, ostream &s) {
-{ s << LA << dest_reg << " " << address << endl; }
+  s << LA << dest_reg << " " << address << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_partial_load_address(char *dest_reg, ostream& s)
+static void emit_partial_load_address(char *dest_reg, ostream &s) {
-{ s << LA << dest_reg << " "; }
+  s << LA << dest_reg << " ";
+}
 
-static void emit_load_bool(char *dest, const BoolConst& b, ostream& s)
+static void emit_load_bool(char *dest, const BoolConst &b, ostream &s) {
-{
   emit_partial_load_address(dest, s);
   b.code_ref(s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_load_string(char *dest, StringEntry *str, ostream& s)
+static void emit_load_string(char *dest, StringEntry *str, ostream &s) {
-{
   emit_partial_load_address(dest, s);
   str->code_ref(s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_load_int(char *dest, IntEntry *i, ostream& s)
+static void emit_load_int(char *dest, IntEntry *i, ostream &s) {
-{
   emit_partial_load_address(dest, s);
   i->code_ref(s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_move(char *dest_reg, char *source_reg, ostream& s)
+static void emit_move(char *dest_reg, char *source_reg, ostream &s) {
-{ s << MOVE << dest_reg << " " << source_reg << endl; }
+  s << MOVE << dest_reg << " " << source_reg << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_neg(char *dest, char *src1, ostream& s)
+static void emit_neg(char *dest, char *src1, ostream &s) {
-{ s << NEG << dest << " " << src1 << endl; }
+  s << NEG << dest << " " << src1 << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_add(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream& s)
+static void emit_add(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream &s) {
-{ s << ADD << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl; }
+  s << ADD << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_addu(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream& s)
+static void emit_addu(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream &s) {
-{ s << ADDU << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl; }
+  s << ADDU << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_addiu(char *dest, char *src1, int imm, ostream& s)
+static void emit_addiu(char *dest, char *src1, int imm, ostream &s) {
-{ s << ADDIU << dest << " " << src1 << " " << imm << endl; }
+  s << ADDIU << dest << " " << src1 << " " << imm << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_div(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream& s)
+static void emit_div(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream &s) {
-{ s << DIV << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl; }
+  s << DIV << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_mul(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream& s)
+static void emit_mul(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream &s) {
-{ s << MUL << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl; }
+  s << MUL << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_sub(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream& s)
+static void emit_sub(char *dest, char *src1, char *src2, ostream &s) {
-{ s << SUB << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl; }
+  s << SUB << dest << " " << src1 << " " << src2 << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_sll(char *dest, char *src1, int num, ostream& s)
+static void emit_sll(char *dest, char *src1, int num, ostream &s) {
-{ s << SLL << dest << " " << src1 << " " << num << endl; }
+  s << SLL << dest << " " << src1 << " " << num << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_jalr(char *dest, ostream& s)
+static void emit_jalr(char *dest, ostream &s) {
-{ s << JALR << "\t" << dest << endl; }
+  s << JALR << "\t" << dest << endl;
+}
 
-static void emit_jal(char *address,ostream &s)
+static void emit_jal(char *address, ostream &s) { s << JAL << address << endl; }
-{ s << JAL << address << endl; }
 
-static void emit_return(ostream& s)
+static void emit_return(ostream &s) { s << RET << endl; }
-{ s << RET << endl; }
 
-static void emit_gc_assign(ostream& s)
+static void emit_gc_assign(ostream &s) { s << JAL << "_GenGC_Assign" << endl; }
-{ s << JAL << "_GenGC_Assign" << endl; }
 
-static void emit_disptable_ref(Symbol sym, ostream& s)
+static void emit_disptable_ref(Symbol sym, ostream &s) {
-{  s << sym << DISPTAB_SUFFIX; }
+  s << sym << DISPTAB_SUFFIX;
+}
 
-static void emit_init_ref(Symbol sym, ostream& s)
+static void emit_init_ref(Symbol sym, ostream &s) {
-{ s << sym << CLASSINIT_SUFFIX; }
+  s << sym << CLASSINIT_SUFFIX;
+}
 
-static void emit_label_ref(int l, ostream &s)
+static void emit_label_ref(int l, ostream &s) { s << "label" << l; }
-{ s << "label" << l; }
 
-static void emit_protobj_ref(Symbol sym, ostream& s)
+static void emit_protobj_ref(Symbol sym, ostream &s) {
-{ s << sym << PROTOBJ_SUFFIX; }
+  s << sym << PROTOBJ_SUFFIX;
+}
 
-static void emit_method_ref(Symbol classname, Symbol methodname, ostream& s)
+static void emit_method_ref(Symbol classname, Symbol methodname, ostream &s) {
-{ s << classname << METHOD_SEP << methodname; }
+  s << classname << METHOD_SEP << methodname;
+}
 
-static void emit_label_def(int l, ostream &s)
+static void emit_label_def(int l, ostream &s) {
-{
   emit_label_ref(l, s);
   s << ":" << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_beqz(char *source, int label, ostream &s)
+static void emit_beqz(char *source, int label, ostream &s) {
-{
   s << BEQZ << source << " ";
   emit_label_ref(label, s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_beq(char *src1, char *src2, int label, ostream &s)
+static void emit_beq(char *src1, char *src2, int label, ostream &s) {
-{
   s << BEQ << src1 << " " << src2 << " ";
   emit_label_ref(label, s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_bne(char *src1, char *src2, int label, ostream &s)
+static void emit_bne(char *src1, char *src2, int label, ostream &s) {
-{
   s << BNE << src1 << " " << src2 << " ";
   emit_label_ref(label, s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_bleq(char *src1, char *src2, int label, ostream &s)
+static void emit_bleq(char *src1, char *src2, int label, ostream &s) {
-{
   s << BLEQ << src1 << " " << src2 << " ";
   emit_label_ref(label, s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_blt(char *src1, char *src2, int label, ostream &s)
+static void emit_blt(char *src1, char *src2, int label, ostream &s) {
-{
   s << BLT << src1 << " " << src2 << " ";
   emit_label_ref(label, s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_blti(char *src1, int imm, int label, ostream &s)
+static void emit_blti(char *src1, int imm, int label, ostream &s) {
-{
   s << BLT << src1 << " " << imm << " ";
   emit_label_ref(label, s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_bgti(char *src1, int imm, int label, ostream &s)
+static void emit_bgti(char *src1, int imm, int label, ostream &s) {
-{
   s << BGT << src1 << " " << imm << " ";
   emit_label_ref(label, s);
   s << endl;
 }
 
-static void emit_branch(int l, ostream& s)
+static void emit_branch(int l, ostream &s) {
-{
   s << BRANCH;
   emit_label_ref(l, s);
   s << endl;
@@ -316,8 +289,7 @@ static void emit_branch(int l, ostream& s)
 //
 // Push a register on the stack. The stack grows towards smaller addresses.
 //
-static void emit_push(char *reg, ostream& str)
+static void emit_push(char *reg, ostream &str) {
-{
   emit_store(reg, 0, SP, str);
   emit_addiu(SP, SP, -4, str);
 }
@@ -327,19 +299,19 @@ static void emit_push(char *reg, ostream& str)
 // Emits code to fetch the integer value of the Integer object pointed
 // to by register source into the register dest
 //
-static void emit_fetch_int(char *dest, char *source, ostream& s)
+static void emit_fetch_int(char *dest, char *source, ostream &s) {
-{ emit_load(dest, DEFAULT_OBJFIELDS, source, s); }
+  emit_load(dest, DEFAULT_OBJFIELDS, source, s);
+}
 
 //
 // Emits code to store the integer value contained in register source
 // into the Integer object pointed to by dest.
 //
-static void emit_store_int(char *source, char *dest, ostream& s)
+static void emit_store_int(char *source, char *dest, ostream &s) {
-{ emit_store(source, DEFAULT_OBJFIELDS, dest, s); }
+  emit_store(source, DEFAULT_OBJFIELDS, dest, s);
+}
 
-
+static void emit_test_collector(ostream &s) {
-static void emit_test_collector(ostream &s)
-{
   emit_push(ACC, s);
   emit_move(ACC, SP, s);  // stack end
   emit_move(A1, ZERO, s); // allocate nothing
@@ -348,13 +320,12 @@ static void emit_test_collector(ostream &s)
   emit_load(ACC, 0, SP, s);
 }
 
-static void emit_gc_check(char *source, ostream &s)
+static void emit_gc_check(char *source, ostream &s) {
-{
+  if (source != (char *)A1)
-  if (source != (char*)A1) emit_move(A1, source, s);
+    emit_move(A1, source, s);
   s << JAL << "_gc_check" << endl;
 }
 
-
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 // coding strings, ints, and booleans
@@ -379,33 +350,32 @@ static void emit_gc_check(char *source, ostream &s)
 //
 // Strings
 //
-void StringEntry::code_ref(ostream& s)
+void StringEntry::code_ref(ostream &s) { s << STRCONST_PREFIX << index; }
-{
-  s << STRCONST_PREFIX << index;
-}
 
 //
 // Emit code for a constant String.
 // You should fill in the code naming the dispatch table.
 //
 
-void StringEntry::code_def(ostream& s, int stringclasstag)
+void StringEntry::code_def(ostream &s, int stringclasstag) {
-{
   IntEntryP lensym = inttable.add_int(len);
 
   // Add -1 eye catcher
   s << WORD << "-1" << endl;
 
-  code_ref(s);  s  << LABEL                                             // label
+  code_ref(s);
+  s << LABEL                          // label
     << WORD << stringclasstag << endl // tag
-      << WORD << (DEFAULT_OBJFIELDS + STRING_SLOTS + (len+4)/4) << endl // size
+    << WORD << (DEFAULT_OBJFIELDS + STRING_SLOTS + (len + 4) / 4)
+    << endl // size
     << WORD;
 
-
   /***** Add dispatch information for class String ******/
 
   s << endl; // dispatch table
-      s << WORD;  lensym->code_ref(s);  s << endl;            // string length
+  s << WORD;
+  lensym->code_ref(s);
+  s << endl;                    // string length
   emit_string_constant(s, str); // ascii string
   s << ALIGN;                   // align to word
 }
@@ -415,8 +385,7 @@ void StringEntry::code_def(ostream& s, int stringclasstag)
 // Generate a string object definition for every string constant in the
 // stringtable.
 //
-void StrTable::code_string_table(ostream& s, int stringclasstag)
+void StrTable::code_string_table(ostream &s, int stringclasstag) {
-{  
   for (List<StringEntry> *l = tbl; l; l = l->tl())
     l->hd()->code_def(s, stringclasstag);
 }
@@ -424,22 +393,19 @@ void StrTable::code_string_table(ostream& s, int stringclasstag)
 //
 // Ints
 //
-void IntEntry::code_ref(ostream &s)
+void IntEntry::code_ref(ostream &s) { s << INTCONST_PREFIX << index; }
-{
-  s << INTCONST_PREFIX << index;
-}
 
 //
 // Emit code for a constant Integer.
 // You should fill in the code naming the dispatch table.
 //
 
-void IntEntry::code_def(ostream &s, int intclasstag)
+void IntEntry::code_def(ostream &s, int intclasstag) {
-{
   // Add -1 eye catcher
   s << WORD << "-1" << endl;
 
-  code_ref(s);  s << LABEL                                // label
+  code_ref(s);
+  s << LABEL                                           // label
     << WORD << intclasstag << endl                     // class tag
     << WORD << (DEFAULT_OBJFIELDS + INT_SLOTS) << endl // object size
     << WORD;
@@ -450,40 +416,34 @@ void IntEntry::code_def(ostream &s, int intclasstag)
   s << WORD << str << endl; // integer value
 }
 
-
 //
 // IntTable::code_string_table
 // Generate an Int object definition for every Int constant in the
 // inttable.
 //
-void IntTable::code_string_table(ostream &s, int intclasstag)
+void IntTable::code_string_table(ostream &s, int intclasstag) {
-{
   for (List<IntEntry> *l = tbl; l; l = l->tl())
     l->hd()->code_def(s, intclasstag);
 }
 
-
 //
 // Bools
 //
 BoolConst::BoolConst(int i) : val(i) { assert(i == 0 || i == 1); }
 
-void BoolConst::code_ref(ostream& s) const
+void BoolConst::code_ref(ostream &s) const { s << BOOLCONST_PREFIX << val; }
-{
-  s << BOOLCONST_PREFIX << val;
-}
 
 //
 // Emit code for a constant Bool.
 // You should fill in the code naming the dispatch table.
 //
 
-void BoolConst::code_def(ostream& s, int boolclasstag)
+void BoolConst::code_def(ostream &s, int boolclasstag) {
-{
   // Add -1 eye catcher
   s << WORD << "-1" << endl;
 
-  code_ref(s);  s << LABEL                                  // label
+  code_ref(s);
+  s << LABEL                                            // label
     << WORD << boolclasstag << endl                     // class tag
     << WORD << (DEFAULT_OBJFIELDS + BOOL_SLOTS) << endl // object size
     << WORD;
@@ -507,8 +467,7 @@ void BoolConst::code_def(ostream& s, int boolclasstag)
 //
 //***************************************************
 
-void CgenClassTable::code_global_data()
+void CgenClassTable::code_global_data() {
-{
   Symbol main = idtable.lookup_string(MAINNAME);
   Symbol string = idtable.lookup_string(STRINGNAME);
   Symbol integer = idtable.lookup_string(INTNAME);
@@ -519,11 +478,21 @@ void CgenClassTable::code_global_data()
   // The following global names must be defined first.
   //
   str << GLOBAL << CLASSNAMETAB << endl;
-  str << GLOBAL; emit_protobj_ref(main,str);    str << endl;
+  str << GLOBAL;
-  str << GLOBAL; emit_protobj_ref(integer,str); str << endl;
+  emit_protobj_ref(main, str);
-  str << GLOBAL; emit_protobj_ref(string,str);  str << endl;
+  str << endl;
-  str << GLOBAL; falsebool.code_ref(str);  str << endl;
+  str << GLOBAL;
-  str << GLOBAL; truebool.code_ref(str);   str << endl;
+  emit_protobj_ref(integer, str);
+  str << endl;
+  str << GLOBAL;
+  emit_protobj_ref(string, str);
+  str << endl;
+  str << GLOBAL;
+  falsebool.code_ref(str);
+  str << endl;
+  str << GLOBAL;
+  truebool.code_ref(str);
+  str << endl;
   str << GLOBAL << INTTAG << endl;
   str << GLOBAL << BOOLTAG << endl;
   str << GLOBAL << STRINGTAG << endl;
@@ -532,15 +501,11 @@ void CgenClassTable::code_global_data()
   // We also need to know the tag of the Int, String, and Bool classes
   // during code generation.
   //
-  str << INTTAG << LABEL
+  str << INTTAG << LABEL << WORD << intclasstag << endl;
-      << WORD << intclasstag << endl;
+  str << BOOLTAG << LABEL << WORD << boolclasstag << endl;
-  str << BOOLTAG << LABEL 
+  str << STRINGTAG << LABEL << WORD << stringclasstag << endl;
-      << WORD << boolclasstag << endl;
-  str << STRINGTAG << LABEL 
-      << WORD << stringclasstag << endl;    
 }
 
-
 //***************************************************
 //
 //  Emit code to start the .text segment and to
@@ -548,11 +513,9 @@ void CgenClassTable::code_global_data()
 //
 //***************************************************
 
-void CgenClassTable::code_global_text()
+void CgenClassTable::code_global_text() {
-{
   str << GLOBAL << HEAP_START << endl
-      << HEAP_START << LABEL 
+      << HEAP_START << LABEL << WORD << 0 << endl
-      << WORD << 0 << endl
       << "\t.text" << endl
       << GLOBAL;
   emit_init_ref(idtable.add_string("Main"), str);
@@ -567,14 +530,12 @@ void CgenClassTable::code_global_text()
   str << endl;
 }
 
-void CgenClassTable::code_bools(int boolclasstag)
+void CgenClassTable::code_bools(int boolclasstag) {
-{
   falsebool.code_def(str, boolclasstag);
   truebool.code_def(str, boolclasstag);
 }
 
-void CgenClassTable::code_select_gc()
+void CgenClassTable::code_select_gc() {
-{
   //
   // Generate GC choice constants (pointers to GC functions)
   //
@@ -589,7 +550,6 @@ void CgenClassTable::code_select_gc()
   str << WORD << (cgen_Memmgr_Test == GC_TEST) << endl;
 }
 
-
 //********************************************************
 //
 // Emit code to reserve space for and initialize all of
@@ -603,8 +563,7 @@ void CgenClassTable::code_select_gc()
 //
 //********************************************************
 
-void CgenClassTable::code_constants()
+void CgenClassTable::code_constants() {
-{
   //
   // Add constants that are required by the code generator.
   //
@@ -616,25 +575,25 @@ void CgenClassTable::code_constants()
   code_bools(boolclasstag);
 }
 
-
+CgenClassTable::CgenClassTable(Classes classes, ostream &s)
-CgenClassTable::CgenClassTable(Classes classes, ostream& s) : nds(NULL) , str(s)
+    : nds(NULL), str(s) {
-{
+  stringclasstag = 1 /* Change to your String class tag here */;
-   stringclasstag = 0 /* Change to your String class tag here */;
+  intclasstag = 2 /* Change to your Int class tag here */;
-   intclasstag =    0 /* Change to your Int class tag here */;
+  boolclasstag = 3 /* Change to your Bool class tag here */;
-   boolclasstag =   0 /* Change to your Bool class tag here */;
 
   enterscope();
-   if (cgen_debug) cout << "Building CgenClassTable" << endl;
+  if (cgen_debug)
+    cout << "Building CgenClassTable" << endl;
   install_basic_classes();
   install_classes(classes);
   build_inheritance_tree();
-
+  if (cgen_debug)
+    dump_inheritance_tree();
   code();
   exitscope();
 }
 
-void CgenClassTable::install_basic_classes()
+void CgenClassTable::install_basic_classes() {
-{
 
   // The tree package uses these globals to annotate the classes built below.
   // curr_lineno  = 0;
@@ -661,21 +620,22 @@ void CgenClassTable::install_basic_classes()
   //
   // The Object class has no parent class. Its methods are
   //        cool_abort() : Object    aborts the program
-//        type_name() : Str        returns a string representation of class name
+  //        type_name() : Str        returns a string representation of class
-//        copy() : SELF_TYPE       returns a copy of the object
+  //        name copy() : SELF_TYPE       returns a copy of the object
   //
   // There is no need for method bodies in the basic classes---these
   // are already built in to the runtime system.
   //
-  install_class(
+  install_class(new CgenNode(
-   new CgenNode(
+      class_(
-    class_(Object, 
+          Object, No_class,
-	   No_class,
           append_Features(
-           append_Features(
+              append_Features(single_Features(method(cool_abort, nil_Formals(),
-           single_Features(method(cool_abort, nil_Formals(), Object, no_expr())),
+                                                     Object, no_expr())),
-           single_Features(method(type_name, nil_Formals(), Str, no_expr()))),
+                              single_Features(method(type_name, nil_Formals(),
-           single_Features(method(copy, nil_Formals(), SELF_TYPE, no_expr()))),
+                                                     Str, no_expr()))),
+              single_Features(
+                  method(copy, nil_Formals(), SELF_TYPE, no_expr()))),
           filename),
       Basic, this));
 
@@ -686,18 +646,20 @@ void CgenClassTable::install_basic_classes()
   //        in_string() : Str                    reads a string from the input
   //        in_int() : Int                         "   an int     "  "     "
   //
-   install_class(
+  install_class(new CgenNode(
-    new CgenNode(
+      class_(
-     class_(IO, 
+          IO, Object,
-            Object,
           append_Features(
               append_Features(
                   append_Features(
-            single_Features(method(out_string, single_Formals(formal(arg, Str)),
+                      single_Features(method(out_string,
+                                             single_Formals(formal(arg, Str)),
                                              SELF_TYPE, no_expr())),
-            single_Features(method(out_int, single_Formals(formal(arg, Int)),
+                      single_Features(method(out_int,
+                                             single_Formals(formal(arg, Int)),
                                              SELF_TYPE, no_expr()))),
-            single_Features(method(in_string, nil_Formals(), Str, no_expr()))),
+                  single_Features(
+                      method(in_string, nil_Formals(), Str, no_expr()))),
               single_Features(method(in_int, nil_Formals(), Int, no_expr()))),
           filename),
       Basic, this));
@@ -706,20 +668,17 @@ void CgenClassTable::install_basic_classes()
   // The Int class has no methods and only a single attribute, the
   // "val" for the integer.
   //
-   install_class(
+  install_class(new CgenNode(
-    new CgenNode(
+      class_(Int, Object, single_Features(attr(val, prim_slot, no_expr())),
-     class_(Int, 
-	    Object,
-            single_Features(attr(val, prim_slot, no_expr())),
              filename),
       Basic, this));
 
   //
   // Bool also has only the "val" slot.
   //
-    install_class(
+  install_class(new CgenNode(
-     new CgenNode(
+      class_(Bool, Object, single_Features(attr(val, prim_slot, no_expr())),
-      class_(Bool, Object, single_Features(attr(val, prim_slot, no_expr())),filename),
+             filename),
       Basic, this));
 
   //
@@ -730,29 +689,27 @@ void CgenClassTable::install_basic_classes()
   //       concat(arg: Str) : Str               string concatenation
   //       substr(arg: Int, arg2: Int): Str     substring
   //
-   install_class(
+  install_class(new CgenNode(
-    new CgenNode(
+      class_(Str, Object,
-      class_(Str, 
-	     Object,
              append_Features(
                  append_Features(
                      append_Features(
                          append_Features(
                              single_Features(attr(val, Int, no_expr())),
-            single_Features(attr(str_field, prim_slot, no_expr()))),
+                             single_Features(
-            single_Features(method(length, nil_Formals(), Int, no_expr()))),
+                                 attr(str_field, prim_slot, no_expr()))),
+                         single_Features(
+                             method(length, nil_Formals(), Int, no_expr()))),
                      single_Features(method(concat,
                                             single_Formals(formal(arg, Str)),
-				   Str, 
+                                            Str, no_expr()))),
-				   no_expr()))),
+                 single_Features(
-	    single_Features(method(substr, 
+                     method(substr,
                             append_Formals(single_Formals(formal(arg, Int)),
                                            single_Formals(formal(arg2, Int))),
-				   Str, 
+                            Str, no_expr()))),
-				   no_expr()))),
              filename),
       Basic, this));
-
 }
 
 // CgenClassTable::install_class
@@ -760,12 +717,10 @@ void CgenClassTable::install_basic_classes()
 //
 // install_classes enters a list of classes in the symbol table.
 //
-void CgenClassTable::install_class(CgenNodeP nd)
+void CgenClassTable::install_class(CgenNodeP nd) {
-{
   Symbol name = nd->get_name();
 
-  if (probe(name))
+  if (probe(name)) {
-    {
     return;
   }
 
@@ -775,8 +730,7 @@ void CgenClassTable::install_class(CgenNodeP nd)
   addid(name, nd);
 }
 
-void CgenClassTable::install_classes(Classes cs)
+void CgenClassTable::install_classes(Classes cs) {
-{
   for (int i = cs->first(); cs->more(i); i = cs->next(i))
     install_class(new CgenNode(cs->nth(i), NotBasic, this));
 }
@@ -784,8 +738,7 @@ void CgenClassTable::install_classes(Classes cs)
 //
 // CgenClassTable::build_inheritance_tree
 //
-void CgenClassTable::build_inheritance_tree()
+void CgenClassTable::build_inheritance_tree() {
-{
   for (List<CgenNode> *l = nds; l; l = l->tl())
     set_relations(l->hd());
 }
@@ -796,36 +749,46 @@ void CgenClassTable::build_inheritance_tree()
 // Takes a CgenNode and locates its, and its parent's, inheritance nodes
 // via the class table.  Parent and child pointers are added as appropriate.
 //
-void CgenClassTable::set_relations(CgenNodeP nd)
+void CgenClassTable::set_relations(CgenNodeP nd) {
-{
   CgenNode *parent_node = probe(nd->get_parent());
   nd->set_parentnd(parent_node);
   parent_node->add_child(nd);
 }
 
-void CgenNode::add_child(CgenNodeP n)
+void CgenNode::add_child(CgenNodeP n) {
-{
   children = new List<CgenNode>(n, children);
 }
 
-void CgenNode::set_parentnd(CgenNodeP p)
+void CgenNode::set_parentnd(CgenNodeP p) {
-{
   assert(parentnd == NULL);
   assert(p != NULL);
   parentnd = p;
 }
 
+void CgenClassTable::dump_inheritance_tree() {
+  CgenNode *object_node = nullptr;
 
+  for (auto l = nds; l; l = l->tl()) {
+    auto cur_node = l->hd();
+    if (cur_node->name == Object) {
+      object_node = cur_node;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  object_node->traverse_dump(0);
+}
 
-void CgenClassTable::code()
+void CgenClassTable::code() {
-{
+  if (cgen_debug)
-  if (cgen_debug) cout << "coding global data" << endl;
+    cout << "coding global data" << endl;
   code_global_data();
 
-  if (cgen_debug) cout << "choosing gc" << endl;
+  if (cgen_debug)
+    cout << "choosing gc" << endl;
   code_select_gc();
 
-  if (cgen_debug) cout << "coding constants" << endl;
+  if (cgen_debug)
+    cout << "coding constants" << endl;
   code_constants();
 
   //                 Add your code to emit
@@ -834,22 +797,17 @@ void CgenClassTable::code()
   //                   - dispatch tables
   //
 
-  if (cgen_debug) cout << "coding global text" << endl;
+  if (cgen_debug)
+    cout << "coding global text" << endl;
   code_global_text();
 
   //                 Add your code to emit
   //                   - object initializer
   //                   - the class methods
   //                   - etc...
-
-}
-
-
-CgenNodeP CgenClassTable::root()
-{
-   return probe(Object);
 }
 
+CgenNodeP CgenClassTable::root() { return probe(Object); }
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
@@ -857,16 +815,12 @@ CgenNodeP CgenClassTable::root()
 //
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-CgenNode::CgenNode(Class_ nd, Basicness bstatus, CgenClassTableP ct) :
+CgenNode::CgenNode(Class_ nd, Basicness bstatus, CgenClassTableP ct)
-   class__class((const class__class &) *nd),
+    : class__class((const class__class &)*nd), parentnd(NULL), children(NULL),
-   parentnd(NULL),
+      basic_status(bstatus) {
-   children(NULL),
-   basic_status(bstatus)
-{ 
   stringtable.add_string(name->get_string()); // Add class name to string table
 }
 
-
 //******************************************************************
 //
 //   Fill in the following methods to produce code for the
@@ -877,85 +831,59 @@ CgenNode::CgenNode(Class_ nd, Basicness bstatus, CgenClassTableP ct) :
 //
 //*****************************************************************
 
-void assign_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void assign_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void static_dispatch_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void static_dispatch_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void dispatch_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void dispatch_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void cond_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void cond_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void loop_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void loop_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void typcase_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void typcase_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void block_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void block_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void let_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void let_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void plus_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void plus_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void sub_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void sub_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void mul_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void mul_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void divide_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void divide_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void neg_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void neg_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void lt_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void lt_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void eq_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void eq_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void leq_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void leq_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void comp_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void comp_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void int_const_class::code(ostream& s)  
+void int_const_class::code(ostream &s) {
-{
   //
   // Need to be sure we have an IntEntry *, not an arbitrary Symbol
   //
   emit_load_int(ACC, inttable.lookup_string(token->get_string()), s);
 }
 
-void string_const_class::code(ostream& s)
+void string_const_class::code(ostream &s) {
-{
   emit_load_string(ACC, stringtable.lookup_string(token->get_string()), s);
 }
 
-void bool_const_class::code(ostream& s)
+void bool_const_class::code(ostream &s) {
-{
   emit_load_bool(ACC, BoolConst(val), s);
 }
 
-void new__class::code(ostream &s) {
+void new__class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
 
-void isvoid_class::code(ostream &s) {
+void isvoid_class::code(ostream &s) {}
-}
-
-void no_expr_class::code(ostream &s) {
-}
-
-void object_class::code(ostream &s) {
-}
 
+void no_expr_class::code(ostream &s) {}
 
+void object_class::code(ostream &s) {}

assignments/PA5/cgen.h

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include "emit.h"
 #include "cool-tree.h"
+#include "emit.h"
 #include "symtab.h"
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <stdio.h>
 
 enum Basicness { Basic, NotBasic };
 #define TRUE 1
@@ -22,7 +23,6 @@ private:
   int intclasstag;
   int boolclasstag;
 
-
   // The following methods emit code for
   // constants and global declarations.
 
@@ -42,13 +42,15 @@ private:
   void install_classes(Classes cs);
   void build_inheritance_tree();
   void set_relations(CgenNodeP nd);
+  //* New Methods
+  void dump_inheritance_tree();
+
 public:
   CgenClassTable(Classes, ostream &str);
   void code();
   CgenNodeP root();
 };
 
-
 class CgenNode : public class__class {
 private:
   CgenNodeP parentnd;       // Parent of class
@@ -57,24 +59,29 @@ private:
                             // `NotBasic' otherwise
 
 public:
-   CgenNode(Class_ c,
+  CgenNode(Class_ c, Basicness bstatus, CgenClassTableP class_table);
-            Basicness bstatus,
-            CgenClassTableP class_table);
 
   void add_child(CgenNodeP child);
   List<CgenNode> *get_children() { return children; }
   void set_parentnd(CgenNodeP p);
   CgenNodeP get_parentnd() { return parentnd; }
   int basic() { return (basic_status == Basic); }
+  void traverse_dump(int pad) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < pad; ++i)
+        std::cerr << " ";
+    std::cerr << this->name << "\n";
+    for (auto l = children; l; l = l->tl()) {
+      l->hd()->traverse_dump(pad + 2);
+    }
+  }
 };
 
-class BoolConst 
+class BoolConst {
-{
 private:
   int val;
+
 public:
   BoolConst(int);
   void code_def(ostream &, int boolclasstag);
   void code_ref(ostream &) const;
 };
-

assignments/PA5/cgen_supp.cc

@@ -1,30 +1,25 @@
+#include "stringtab.h"
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include "stringtab.h"
 
 static int ascii = 0;
 
-void ascii_mode(ostream& str)
+void ascii_mode(ostream &str) {
-{
+  if (!ascii) {
-  if (!ascii) 
-    {
     str << "\t.ascii\t\"";
     ascii = 1;
   }
 }
 
-void byte_mode(ostream& str)
+void byte_mode(ostream &str) {
-{
+  if (ascii) {
-  if (ascii) 
-    {
     str << "\"\n";
     ascii = 0;
   }
 }
 
-void emit_string_constant(ostream& str, char* s)
+void emit_string_constant(ostream &str, char *s) {
-{
   ascii = 0;
 
   while (*s) {
@@ -46,13 +41,10 @@ void emit_string_constant(ostream& str, char* s)
       str << "\\\"";
       break;
     default:
-      if (*s >= ' ' && ((unsigned char) *s) < 128) 
+      if (*s >= ' ' && ((unsigned char)*s) < 128) {
-	{
         ascii_mode(str);
         str << *s;
-	}
+      } else {
-      else 
-	{
         byte_mode(str);
         str << "\t.byte\t" << (int)((unsigned char)*s) << endl;
       }
@@ -63,5 +55,3 @@ void emit_string_constant(ostream& str, char* s)
   byte_mode(str);
   str << "\t.byte\t0\t" << endl;
 }
-
-

assignments/PA5/cool-tree.h

@@ -8,10 +8,8 @@
 //
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-
-#include "tree.h"
 #include "cool-tree.handcode.h"
-
+#include "tree.h"
 
 // define the class for phylum
 // define simple phylum - Program
@@ -27,7 +25,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define simple phylum - Class_
 typedef class Class__class *Class_;
 
@@ -41,7 +38,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define simple phylum - Feature
 typedef class Feature_class *Feature;
 
@@ -55,7 +51,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define simple phylum - Formal
 typedef class Formal_class *Formal;
 
@@ -69,7 +64,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define simple phylum - Expression
 typedef class Expression_class *Expression;
 
@@ -83,7 +77,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define simple phylum - Case
 typedef class Case_class *Case;
 
@@ -97,42 +90,35 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define the class for phylum - LIST
 // define list phlyum - Classes
 typedef list_node<Class_> Classes_class;
 typedef Classes_class *Classes;
 
-
 // define list phlyum - Features
 typedef list_node<Feature> Features_class;
 typedef Features_class *Features;
 
-
 // define list phlyum - Formals
 typedef list_node<Formal> Formals_class;
 typedef Formals_class *Formals;
 
-
 // define list phlyum - Expressions
 typedef list_node<Expression> Expressions_class;
 typedef Expressions_class *Expressions;
 
-
 // define list phlyum - Cases
 typedef list_node<Case> Cases_class;
 typedef Cases_class *Cases;
 
-
 // define the class for constructors
 // define constructor - program
 class program_class : public Program_class {
 public:
   Classes classes;
+
 public:
-   program_class(Classes a1) {
+  program_class(Classes a1) { classes = a1; }
-      classes = a1;
-   }
   Program copy_Program();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -144,7 +130,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - class_
 class class__class : public Class__class {
 public:
@@ -152,6 +137,7 @@ public:
   Symbol parent;
   Features features;
   Symbol filename;
+
 public:
   class__class(Symbol a1, Symbol a2, Features a3, Symbol a4) {
     name = a1;
@@ -170,7 +156,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - method
 class method_class : public Feature_class {
 public:
@@ -178,6 +163,7 @@ public:
   Formals formals;
   Symbol return_type;
   Expression expr;
+
 public:
   method_class(Symbol a1, Formals a2, Symbol a3, Expression a4) {
     name = a1;
@@ -196,13 +182,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - attr
 class attr_class : public Feature_class {
 public:
   Symbol name;
   Symbol type_decl;
   Expression init;
+
 public:
   attr_class(Symbol a1, Symbol a2, Expression a3) {
     name = a1;
@@ -220,12 +206,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - formal
 class formal_class : public Formal_class {
 public:
   Symbol name;
   Symbol type_decl;
+
 public:
   formal_class(Symbol a1, Symbol a2) {
     name = a1;
@@ -242,13 +228,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - branch
 class branch_class : public Case_class {
 public:
   Symbol name;
   Symbol type_decl;
   Expression expr;
+
 public:
   branch_class(Symbol a1, Symbol a2, Expression a3) {
     name = a1;
@@ -266,12 +252,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - assign
 class assign_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Symbol name;
   Expression expr;
+
 public:
   assign_class(Symbol a1, Expression a2) {
     name = a1;
@@ -288,7 +274,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - static_dispatch
 class static_dispatch_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
@@ -296,6 +281,7 @@ public:
   Symbol type_name;
   Symbol name;
   Expressions actual;
+
 public:
   static_dispatch_class(Expression a1, Symbol a2, Symbol a3, Expressions a4) {
     expr = a1;
@@ -314,13 +300,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - dispatch
 class dispatch_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression expr;
   Symbol name;
   Expressions actual;
+
 public:
   dispatch_class(Expression a1, Symbol a2, Expressions a3) {
     expr = a1;
@@ -338,13 +324,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - cond
 class cond_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression pred;
   Expression then_exp;
   Expression else_exp;
+
 public:
   cond_class(Expression a1, Expression a2, Expression a3) {
     pred = a1;
@@ -362,12 +348,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - loop
 class loop_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression pred;
   Expression body;
+
 public:
   loop_class(Expression a1, Expression a2) {
     pred = a1;
@@ -384,12 +370,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - typcase
 class typcase_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression expr;
   Cases cases;
+
 public:
   typcase_class(Expression a1, Cases a2) {
     expr = a1;
@@ -406,15 +392,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - block
 class block_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expressions body;
+
 public:
-   block_class(Expressions a1) {
+  block_class(Expressions a1) { body = a1; }
-      body = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -426,7 +410,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - let
 class let_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
@@ -434,6 +417,7 @@ public:
   Symbol type_decl;
   Expression init;
   Expression body;
+
 public:
   let_class(Symbol a1, Symbol a2, Expression a3, Expression a4) {
     identifier = a1;
@@ -452,12 +436,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - plus
 class plus_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
   Expression e2;
+
 public:
   plus_class(Expression a1, Expression a2) {
     e1 = a1;
@@ -474,12 +458,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - sub
 class sub_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
   Expression e2;
+
 public:
   sub_class(Expression a1, Expression a2) {
     e1 = a1;
@@ -496,12 +480,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - mul
 class mul_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
   Expression e2;
+
 public:
   mul_class(Expression a1, Expression a2) {
     e1 = a1;
@@ -518,12 +502,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - divide
 class divide_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
   Expression e2;
+
 public:
   divide_class(Expression a1, Expression a2) {
     e1 = a1;
@@ -540,15 +524,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - neg
 class neg_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
+
 public:
-   neg_class(Expression a1) {
+  neg_class(Expression a1) { e1 = a1; }
-      e1 = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -560,12 +542,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - lt
 class lt_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
   Expression e2;
+
 public:
   lt_class(Expression a1, Expression a2) {
     e1 = a1;
@@ -582,12 +564,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - eq
 class eq_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
   Expression e2;
+
 public:
   eq_class(Expression a1, Expression a2) {
     e1 = a1;
@@ -604,12 +586,12 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - leq
 class leq_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
   Expression e2;
+
 public:
   leq_class(Expression a1, Expression a2) {
     e1 = a1;
@@ -626,15 +608,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - comp
 class comp_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
+
 public:
-   comp_class(Expression a1) {
+  comp_class(Expression a1) { e1 = a1; }
-      e1 = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -646,15 +626,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - int_const
 class int_const_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Symbol token;
+
 public:
-   int_const_class(Symbol a1) {
+  int_const_class(Symbol a1) { token = a1; }
-      token = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -666,15 +644,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - bool_const
 class bool_const_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Boolean val;
+
 public:
-   bool_const_class(Boolean a1) {
+  bool_const_class(Boolean a1) { val = a1; }
-      val = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -686,15 +662,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - string_const
 class string_const_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Symbol token;
+
 public:
-   string_const_class(Symbol a1) {
+  string_const_class(Symbol a1) { token = a1; }
-      token = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -706,15 +680,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - new_
 class new__class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Symbol type_name;
+
 public:
-   new__class(Symbol a1) {
+  new__class(Symbol a1) { type_name = a1; }
-      type_name = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -726,15 +698,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - isvoid
 class isvoid_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Expression e1;
+
 public:
-   isvoid_class(Expression a1) {
+  isvoid_class(Expression a1) { e1 = a1; }
-      e1 = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -746,13 +716,11 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - no_expr
 class no_expr_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
 public:
-   no_expr_class() {
+  no_expr_class() {}
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -764,15 +732,13 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define constructor - object
 class object_class : public Expression_class {
 public:
   Symbol name;
+
 public:
-   object_class(Symbol a1) {
+  object_class(Symbol a1) { name = a1; }
-      name = a1;
-   }
   Expression copy_Expression();
   void dump(ostream &stream, int n);
 
@@ -784,7 +750,6 @@ public:
 #endif
 };
 
-
 // define the prototypes of the interface
 Classes nil_Classes();
 Classes single_Classes(Class_);
@@ -832,5 +797,4 @@ Expression isvoid(Expression);
 Expression no_expr();
 Expression object(Symbol);
 
-
 #endif

assignments/PA5/cool-tree.handcode.h

@@ -4,17 +4,18 @@
 #ifndef COOL_TREE_HANDCODE_H
 #define COOL_TREE_HANDCODE_H
 
-#include <iostream>
-#include "tree.h"
 #include "cool.h"
 #include "stringtab.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include <iostream>
 #define yylineno curr_lineno;
 extern int yylineno;
 
 inline Boolean copy_Boolean(Boolean b) { return b; }
 inline void assert_Boolean(Boolean) {}
-inline void dump_Boolean(ostream& stream, int padding, Boolean b)
+inline void dump_Boolean(ostream &stream, int padding, Boolean b) {
-	{ stream << pad(padding) << (int) b << "\n"; }
+  stream << pad(padding) << (int)b << "\n";
+}
 
 void dump_Symbol(ostream &stream, int padding, Symbol b);
 void assert_Symbol(Symbol b);
@@ -48,8 +49,6 @@ typedef Cases_class *Cases;
   virtual void cgen(ostream &) = 0;                                            \
   virtual void dump_with_types(ostream &, int) = 0;
 
-
-
 #define program_EXTRAS                                                         \
   void cgen(ostream &);                                                        \
   void dump_with_types(ostream &, int);
@@ -60,42 +59,31 @@ virtual Symbol get_parent() = 0;    	\
   virtual Symbol get_filename() = 0;                                           \
   virtual void dump_with_types(ostream &, int) = 0;
 
-
 #define class__EXTRAS                                                          \
   Symbol get_name() { return name; }                                           \
   Symbol get_parent() { return parent; }                                       \
   Symbol get_filename() { return filename; }                                   \
   void dump_with_types(ostream &, int);
 
+#define Feature_EXTRAS virtual void dump_with_types(ostream &, int) = 0;
 
-#define Feature_EXTRAS                                        \
+#define Feature_SHARED_EXTRAS void dump_with_types(ostream &, int);
-virtual void dump_with_types(ostream&,int) = 0; 
 
+#define Formal_EXTRAS virtual void dump_with_types(ostream &, int) = 0;
 
-#define Feature_SHARED_EXTRAS                                       \
+#define formal_EXTRAS void dump_with_types(ostream &, int);
-void dump_with_types(ostream&,int);    
 
+#define Case_EXTRAS virtual void dump_with_types(ostream &, int) = 0;
 
-#define Formal_EXTRAS                              \
+#define branch_EXTRAS void dump_with_types(ostream &, int);
-virtual void dump_with_types(ostream&,int) = 0;
-
-
-#define formal_EXTRAS                           \
-void dump_with_types(ostream&,int);
-
-
-#define Case_EXTRAS                             \
-virtual void dump_with_types(ostream& ,int) = 0;
-
-
-#define branch_EXTRAS                                   \
-void dump_with_types(ostream& ,int);
-
 
 #define Expression_EXTRAS                                                      \
   Symbol type;                                                                 \
   Symbol get_type() { return type; }                                           \
-Expression set_type(Symbol s) { type = s; return this; } \
+  Expression set_type(Symbol s) {                                              \
+    type = s;                                                                  \
+    return this;                                                               \
+  }                                                                            \
   virtual void code(ostream &) = 0;                                            \
   virtual void dump_with_types(ostream &, int) = 0;                            \
   void dump_type(ostream &, int);                                              \
@@ -105,5 +93,4 @@ Expression_class() { type = (Symbol) NULL; }
   void code(ostream &);                                                        \
   void dump_with_types(ostream &, int);
 
-
 #endif

assignments/PA5/example.cl

@@ -3,7 +3,27 @@
     as possible.
  *)
 
-class Main {
+class A inherits IO {
+  attr_A_1 : Int <- 10;
+  attr_A_2 : Bool <- false;
+  attr_A_3 : A <- self;
+  method_common(x1: Int) : SELF_TYPE {
+    self
+  };
+};
+
+class B inherits A {
+
+};
+
+class C inherits A {
+  attr_C_1 : String <- "This is C\n";
+  method_common(x1: Int) : SELF_TYPE {
+    self
+  };
+};
+
+class Main inherits IO {
   main():Int { 0 };
 };