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:extra {:page 65}}
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||||
:extra {:page 95}}
|
||||
|
||||
2
journals/2023_04_05.md
Normal file
2
journals/2023_04_05.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
|
||||
-
|
||||
-
|
||||
@ -94,4 +94,128 @@ file-path:: ../assets/ostep_1680491762166_0.pdf
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ls-type:: annotation
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|
||||
id:: 642c27e3-d7d6-41d8-9832-73674615a246
|
||||
- Interlude: Process API
|
||||
hl-page:: 60
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ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cc7d2-cd33-4dd6-879f-72f1070ed96d
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||||
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|
||||
Syscall-fork, wait, exec
|
||||
- Get it right. Neither abstraction nor simplicity is a substitute for getting it right
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
hl-page:: 65
|
||||
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|
||||
id:: 642cc975-cf26-431c-8c38-617da01d89ee
|
||||
- the separation of fork() and exec() is essential in shell, because it lets the shell <u>run code after the call to fork() but before the call to exec()</u>; this code can alter the environment of the about-to-be-run program
|
||||
hl-page:: 65
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642ccc92-baa5-4b54-8525-9a664698c669
|
||||
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|
||||
- imperative 必要的，命令的；必要的事
|
||||
hl-page:: 67
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642ccf62-0b5a-41db-899e-3e99a69c2eac
|
||||
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|
||||
- control processes through signal subsystem
|
||||
hl-page:: 67
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cd11a-eea5-48f8-b4d1-b225f37ccdb4
|
||||
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|
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- Limited Direct Execution: Direct execution is to simply run the program directly on the CPU.
|
||||
hl-page:: 74
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cd1eb-c058-484a-ac25-782e37082bc6
|
||||
hl-color:: yellow
|
||||
- aspiring 有追求的，有抱负的
|
||||
hl-page:: 75
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cd2f2-c565-4309-951a-1f809da9beff
|
||||
hl-color:: green
|
||||
- user mode and kernel mode
|
||||
hl-page:: 76
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cd3e3-3fa6-43a6-a37a-cae62c634654
|
||||
hl-color:: yellow
|
||||
- In user mode, code is restricted in what it can do, otherwise the processor will raise an exception
|
||||
- User code perform system call to do privileged operation.
|
||||
- To execute a system call, use `trap` and `return-from-trap` instruction: jump to/from kernel and change the privilege level.
|
||||
-
|
||||
- Limited Direct Execution Protocol-interesting figure illustrating how system call is done
|
||||
hl-page:: 78
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cd6be-083b-4ecd-b220-aafef97a8b65
|
||||
hl-color:: yellow
|
||||
- wary 谨慎的；考虑周到的
|
||||
hl-page:: 79
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cd6e9-21fc-49c7-b0bb-0c9ba3b7a524
|
||||
hl-color:: green
|
||||
- Switching Between Processes: how OS regain control of the CPU
|
||||
hl-page:: 80
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cd90e-ab6b-4d4d-8312-cd8c69efdac8
|
||||
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|
||||
- Cooperative Approach: wait for a system call. 1. The processes are expected to give up the CPU periodically through system call `yield`(which does nothing except to transfer control to the OS). 2. The process does something that causes a trap
|
||||
- Non-Cooperative Approach: timer interrupt.
|
||||
- Context switch: save a few register values for the currently-executing process.
|
||||
Two types of register saves/restores: TI, hardware save state to kernel stack; context switch, OS save kernel registers and restore everything to return from trap
|
||||
- malfeasance 渎职；不正当行为
|
||||
hl-page:: 81
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cdc2e-329c-423e-a65a-0a53fb6eaa76
|
||||
hl-color:: green
|
||||
- scoff
|
||||
hl-page:: 83
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642ce319-8087-4252-b51d-42f749f7c283
|
||||
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|
||||
- enact
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
hl-page:: 83
|
||||
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|
||||
id:: 642ce357-9914-417b-8036-35ae44ac7283
|
||||
- whet
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
hl-page:: 84
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
- analogous
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
- workload assumptions: Each job, runs for the same amount of time, arrives at the same time, runs to completion, uses only CPU, and run-time is known
|
||||
hl-page:: 90
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cf292-4464-4c8f-8639-3a194484d4c0
|
||||
hl-color:: yellow
|
||||
- Quite unrealistic, but modern preemptive scheduling somewhat mimics part of these assumptions
|
||||
- scheduling metric: turnaround time, aka `completion - arrival`
|
||||
hl-page:: 91
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cf48d-b312-4af1-a2ff-d55cf9f32e48
|
||||
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|
||||
- conundrum
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
hl-page:: 91
|
||||
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|
||||
id:: 642cf4c4-d246-48f2-a6ef-f14c77684ad9
|
||||
- First In, First Out (FIFO/FCFS) algorithm
|
||||
hl-page:: 91
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
id:: 642cf4f9-4afd-4240-ac76-5522285fa1eb
|
||||
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|
||||
- Bad average turnaround when long job runs first
|
||||
- Convoy effect: a number of relatively-short potential consumers of a resource get queued behind a heavyweight resource consumer
|
||||
- Shortest Job First(SJF)
|
||||
hl-page:: 93
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
- assuming that jobs all arriving at the same time, it could be proven that SJF is indeed an optimal scheduling algorithm
|
||||
- Downgrade to the same problem of Convey Effect when jobs don't arrive at the same time. For example, short jobs arrive shortly after the long job.
|
||||
- Shortest Time-to-Completion First (STCF)
|
||||
ls-type:: annotation
|
||||
hl-page:: 94
|
||||
hl-color:: yellow
|
||||
id:: 642cfce4-67f5-4315-bf81-445922b8ae54
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user